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- historical region in France
- former county, duchy and province
- also: Bourbon
• Flag
• Meaning/Origin of the Flag
• Coat of Arms
• Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms
• Map of the historical Regions in France
• Explanations about the Regions
• History
• Origin of the Country's Name
Flag of Bourbonnais
– Drapeau de Bourbonnais,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (FR)
1960–2016,
Unofficial flag of the Auvergne Region
– Drapeau de officieux de la Region de Auvergne,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (D)
The flag of Bourbonnais shows the image of the coat of arms of the House of Bourbon, who owned the county from the 14th to the 16th century. The between 1960 and 2016 existing Region of "Auvergne", to which the Bourbonnais belonged in lage parts, used an unofficial flag. This flag showed a red gonfanon yellow (gold), the heraldry of the ancient County of Auvergne.
Source:
Volker Preuß
1173–1257, Bourbon-Dampierre
Coat of arms of the House of Bourbon-Dampierre
– Blason de Maison du Bourbon-Dampierre,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (DE)
1257–1288, Burgund
Coat of arms of the House of Burgundy
– Blason de Maison du Bourgogne,
Source, by:
Heraldique Europeenne
1310–1365, de Bourbon
Coat of arms of the House of Bourbon
– Blason de Maison du Bourbon,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (DE)
1365–1527, de Bourbon
Coat of arms of the House of Bourbon
– Blason de Maison du Bourbon,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (DE)
1661–1830, Bourbon-Condé
Coat of arms of the House of Bourbon-Condé
– Blason de Maison du Bourbon-Condé,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (DE)
The first coat of arms of the County of Bourbon is those of the the House of Bourbon-Dampierre. It dates from the 12th/13th century. This dynasty was created by marriage and thus a connecting of the old line of Bourbon with the House of Dampierre. That coat of arms, which is considered today as the coat of arms of Bourbonnais, is the coat of arms of the House of Bourbon, who owned the county from the 14th to the 16th century. The associated Heraldry showed the blue, with golden lilies topped shield of the Capetians, which was covered with a red oblique-right bar. The coat of arms of the Capetians showed three golden lilies on blue, but originally was the coat of arms sprinkled with lilies. From 1365 (by others sources 1376), the number of lilies was reduced to three. The lily-symbol is very old, already the Germanic tribe of the Franks has used it. The House of the Capetians has provided the kings of France between 987 and 1328. It goes back to Hugo Capet, son of Hugo the Great, who was electet to the King of France, in 987, after the death of King Ludwig V. from the House of the Carolingians. The Capetians brought out three branch lines which became the Kings of France: Valois 1328–1589, Bourbon 1589–1792 and 1814–1830, and Orléans 1830–1848.
Source:
Wikipedia (DE),
Wikipedia (FR),
Volker Preuß
The historical, French Regions:
in black: governorate and province in 1776,
in red: former county, province oder governorate
Map: Volker Preuß
The provinces (or governorates) that existed until the French Revolution were historically grown entities that had often developed from former fiefdoms of the French crown, historical counties and duchies, often existed for hundreds of years and had preserved regional characteristics (cultural peculiarities and regional languages). Such phenomena were naturally undesirable to the French Revolution, and in the context of its bloody and violent egalitarianism, all regional references were eradicated. Shortly after the Revolution, the provinces were dissolved and France was divided into many small départements, which were to be approximately the same size and have the same status, controlled by prefects of the central administration in Paris. The departments were named after rivers or mountains so as not to use the names of any of the old provinces. However, it was not possible to sever the ties between the inhabitants of France and their respective historically grown regions, so that in 1960 regions were created again. There can hardly be said to be any real autonomy. The regions are only supposed to promote the economic, social, health, cultural and scientific development of the region, keep an eye on housing and living conditions, and provide support in some areas, e.g. urban development policy, urban regeneration, regional planning, preservation of regional identity and promotion of regional languages. When the regions were formed, departments located in a particular historical province were administratively grouped together into a region that often had the same historical name. The resulting entities only roughly corresponded to the boundaries of historical provinces. In strictly centralised France, however, any form of responsible regionalism is avoided. The regions do not even have their own seals with which to mark their own legally binding decisions, because there are no plans to introduce such a thing. Therefore, anything to do with coats of arms or flags is completely irrelevant. The logos of the regions are used generally, sometimes with the colours reversed and placed arbitrarily on flags or banners. There are no rules, as they are not official symbols. The logos and flags of the regions therefore often look like company logos: Unloving, unhistorical, technocratic and modernistic. That is why most of these regions have a kind of unofficial heraldic flag, which is intended to recall historical heraldic models. However, these are merely decorative in nature and are not a symbol of sovereign functions. The regions created in 1960 were even called into question in 2014, and a territorial reform was decided – centrally from Paris – which reduced the number of regions by almost half through mergers. The regions and their institutions were not even consulted on this matter.
Wikipedia Link to the regions of France:
click or tap here
FOTW Link to the regions of France:
click or tap here
Source: Flags of the World,
Wikipedia (D),
Volker Preuß
antiquity · colonization by Celtic tribes
52 B.C. · Roman conquest, forming of the province of Aquitania in the west of Gaul
418 A.D. · the Visigoths be settled as federates
5th century A.D. · conquest of Gaul by the Franks (under King Clovis) to 507 conquest of Aquitaine, expansion of the empire to the Atlantic Ocean, the Pyrenees and the Alps
511 · death of King Clovis, division of the Frankish Empire by Salic law of succession among his four sons (residences in Paris, Soissons, Orléans, Reims)
ca. 550 · administrative division of the empire into the kingdoms of Austrasia and Neustria, and the Duchy of Aquitaine and the Kingdom of Burgundy, the most part of today's Bourbonnais belongs to Aquitaine, the eastern areas belong to Burgundy
639 · death of King Dagobert I., the power goes over to the Mayors of the Palace (maior domus) of Austrasia (House of the Carolingians)
687 · Pepin II. asserts itself as Mayor of the Palace throughout the Frankish Empire
8th century · fights between the Dukes of Aquitaine and the Frankish kings, the Bourbonnais, then called Burbonis, belongs to the County of Bourges, as first count of Bourges is mentioned Cunibert, who had in 762 to submit to the King of France as a follower of the Duke of Aquitaine
751 · Pepin the Short (III., grandson of Pepin II.) eliminates the Merovingian monarchy and let hisself elect to the king from the Franks
843 · division of the Frankish Empire (Treaty of Verdun), there arise the West Frankish Kingdom of Charles II. (the Bald), the Middle Frankish Kingdom of Lothar (Lotharingia), and the East Frankish Kingdom of Louis II., the Bourbonnais comes to the Empire of Charles the Bald
870 · at the division of the Frankish Empire (Treaty of Meersen) arises the West Frankish Kingdom, the East Frankish Kingdom, and the Frankish Kingdom of Italy
877 · Ludwig ascends the West Frankish throne
880 · by the division of the Frankish Empire (Treaties of Verdun and Ribbemont) arises the West Frankish Kingdom (later France), the East Frankish Kingdom (later German Empire), the Kingdom of Italy, the Kingdom of Upper Burgundy (under Rudolf the Welf) and the Kingdom of Lower Burgundy persists, the Bourbonnais comes to the West Frankish Kingdom
898 · Odo, Count of Paris and Duke of Francia, is elected to the king of the East Frankish Empire
916 · Adémar is the first count of Burbonis (later called Bourbon or Bourbonnais)
1077 · Count Archambault III. separates the Bourbonnais from the supremacy of the County of Bourges, the Bourbonnais comes its own county
1109 · the county Bourges is affiliated to the royal domain after the death of Eudes, the last count
1171 · Guido II. of Dampierre marries Mathilde I. of Bourbon, after the death of Count Archambault (probably in 1173), the County of Bourbon comes to the House of Dampierre (Bourbon-Dampierre)
1248 · Agnes of Dampierre marries John of Burgundy
1257 · death of Countess Matilda II. of Bourbon, the legacy goes over her sister Agnes, which is merried with John of Burgundy to the House of Burgundy
1268 · death of John of Burgundy
1276 · Beatrice of Burgundy, daughter of John and Agnes, marries Robert de Clermont, a son of Louis the Saint (House of Capet, King of France)
1279 · Birth of Louis I. (the lame), son of Robert and Agnes, progenitor of the Capetian dynasty of the Bourbons
1288 · death of Agnes of Bourbon
1310–1327 · reign of Louis I.
1327 · Louis I. exchangew with King Charles IV., the Fair, the County of Clermont against the county of La Marche, the County of Bourbon (Bourbonnais) becomes on this occasion a duchy, the descendants of Louis I. call themselves as a result "de Bourbon", Louis I. has two sons, they are the progenitors of the older and younger line of the Bourbons, the older line the takes the Duchy of Bourbon, the younger takes the county of La Marche, out of the House of Bourbon came all kings of France from 1589 to 1793 and from 1814 to 1830
1328 · death of King Charles IV. (the Fair), extinction of the direct Capetian line, according to Salic Law Count Philip of Valois (Son of Prince Charles of Valois, first cousin of King Charles IV.) came on the French throne (as King Philip VI .), the English king Edward III. lays claim to the throne as a maternal nephew of Charles IV., reason for the "Hundred Years War" (Anglo-French War, 1338–1453), out of the House of Valois came all kings of France from 1328 to 1589
1527 · death of Charles III. of Bourbon, the elder line of the Bourbons extincts, King Francis I. acquires Bourbon as a completed fief, and thus he enfeoffs his mother with it
1531 · the Boubonnais is affiliated to the royal domain
1661 · Louis XIII., King of France, from the House of Bourbon, hands over to his cousin, the Grand Prince Condé, the hereditary title of the Duke of Bourbon
1776 · the already in the 14th century created governorates of the civil administration of the kingdom of France become committed to a number of 39, and correspond in this way to the number of provinces, in previous years could any provinces be summarized in one governorate
1789 · French Revolution, the governorates and provinces become abolished, the Bourbonnais is divided into departments (for the most part the Département of Allier and the south of the Département of Cher)
1830 · death of Louis Henri Joseph de Condé, extinction of the line of Bourbon-Condé
1960 · reintroduction of regions in France, the Bourbonnais doesn't play a role, affiliation with the newly created Auvergne region, to which the Boubonnais in this way belongs for the most part (capital is Clermont-Ferrand), of course not within the historic boundaries, just by integrating of the departments of Allier, Cantal Aurillac, Haute-Loire und Puy-de-Dôme
2016 · the Auvergne region merges with the Rhône-Alpes region in the new, larger region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Source:
Wikipedia (DE),
Meyers Konversationslexikon
The origin of "Bourbon" lies in the Castrum Borboniense, an ancient castle in the town of Aquae Bormonis (today Bourbon l'Archambault). The first counts of the old line of Bourbon took their name from the castle. The dynasty has its origin in Hildebrand, a younger brother of Charles Martel. Topographically the county of Bourbon is called Bourbonnais.
Source:
Meyers Konversationslexikon,
Volker Preuß
