zur deutschen Version, Flagge klicken oder tippen
- historical region in today's France
- former county and province
• Flag
• Meaning/Origin of the Flag
• Coat of Arms
• Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms
• Map of the historical Regions in France
• Explanations about the Regions
• History
• Origin of the Country's Name
Flag of Périgord
– drapeau de Périgord,
Source, by: Wikipedia (OC)
The flag of Périgord is a scutcheon-flag, its design is the image of that coat of arms of the ancient House of Périgord, which ruled for long times over the county.
Source:
Volker Preuß
Coat of arms of Périgord
– Blason du Périgord,
Source, by:
heraldique.org
to 1438,
Coat of arms of the House of Orléans
– blason de Maison de Orléans,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (D)
1438–1470, Blois-Châtillon
Coat of arms of the House of Blois-Châtillon
– blason de Maison de Blois-Châtillon,
Source, by:
geni.com
1470–1589, d'Albret
Coat of arms of the House of d'Albret
– blason de Maison d'Albret,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (FR)
1589–1607, de Bourbon
Coat of arms of the House of Bourbon
– blason de Maison du Bourbon,
Source, by:
Wikipedia (D)
The coat of arms of Périgord shows a red shield with three golden, blue armed lions. It seems that the origin of the crest appears to lie in the dark and was not find out. Maybe it goes back to the investiture by the English crown in 1360 by the Treaty of Brétigny, because lions were frequently given by the English in the coats of arms. The crest could also be of recent origin, because after all, one line of the family had survived into the modern era, which still uses this coat of arms, namely the House of Talleyrand-Périgord. The heraldry of the Périgord, however, is quite changeable, because the old line of the Périgord family died probably from quite early on, and was associated with the heraldry of their respective other country gentlemen. When King Philipp VI. of France (from the house of the Capetians) created the Duchy of Orléans and handed it over to his younger son Philipp of Valois, became the lily-scutcheon of the Capetians supplemented with a white tournament collar, which featured Philipp – following the rules of the French heraldry – as a younger son. The House of Orléans ruled in Périgord to 1438. Between 1438 and 1470, the House of Blois-Châtillon was enfeoffed with the County of Périgord. The House of Blois-Châtillon were powerful gentries who were temporarily enfeoffed with several counties, but never ascended to the high nobility. Their coat of arms showed a six-fold clefted shield, between red and blue and white iron helmets, and a golden shield-head, which is added with a black loepard for the Vice-Counts of Limoges. Between 1470 and 1589, the House of d'Albret was enfeoffed with the County of Périgord. Their coat of arms was squared - four times divided - and the first and third field showed three golden lilies on blue, and the second and fourth field was solid red. In 1589 the County of Périgord was selled to the House of Bourbon. The associated heraldry showed the blue, with golden lilies topped shield of the Capetians, which was covered with a red oblique-right bar. The coat of arms of the Capetians showed three golden lilies on blue, but originally was the coat of arms sprinkled with lilies. From 1365 (by others sources 1376), the number of lilies was reduced to three. The lily-symbol is very old, already the Germanic tribe of the Franks has used it. The House of the Capetians has provided the kings of France between 987 and 1328. It goes back to Hugo Capet, son of Hugo the Great, who was electet to the King of France, in 987, after the death of King Ludwig V. from the House of the Carolingians. The Capetians brought out three branch lines which became the Kings of France: Valois 1328–1589, Bourbon 1589–1792 and 1814–1830, and Orléans 1830–1848.
Source:
heraldique.org,
Wikipedia (FR),
Wikipedia (D),
Volker Preuß
The historical, French Regions:
in black: governorate and province in 1776,
in red: former county, province oder governorate
Map: Volker Preuß
The provinces (or governorates) that existed until the French Revolution were historically grown entities that had often developed from former fiefdoms of the French crown, historical counties and duchies, often existed for hundreds of years and had preserved regional characteristics (cultural peculiarities and regional languages). Such phenomena were naturally undesirable to the French Revolution, and in the context of its bloody and violent egalitarianism, all regional references were eradicated. Shortly after the Revolution, the provinces were dissolved and France was divided into many small départements, which were to be approximately the same size and have the same status, controlled by prefects of the central administration in Paris. The departments were named after rivers or mountains so as not to use the names of any of the old provinces. However, it was not possible to sever the ties between the inhabitants of France and their respective historically grown regions, so that in 1960 regions were created again. There can hardly be said to be any real autonomy. The regions are only supposed to promote the economic, social, health, cultural and scientific development of the region, keep an eye on housing and living conditions, and provide support in some areas, e.g. urban development policy, urban regeneration, regional planning, preservation of regional identity and promotion of regional languages. When the regions were formed, departments located in a particular historical province were administratively grouped together into a region that often had the same historical name. The resulting entities only roughly corresponded to the boundaries of historical provinces. In strictly centralised France, however, any form of responsible regionalism is avoided. The regions do not even have their own seals with which to mark their own legally binding decisions, because there are no plans to introduce such a thing. Therefore, anything to do with coats of arms or flags is completely irrelevant. The logos of the regions are used generally, sometimes with the colours reversed and placed arbitrarily on flags or banners. There are no rules, as they are not official symbols. The logos and flags of the regions therefore often look like company logos: Unloving, unhistorical, technocratic and modernistic. That is why most of these regions have a kind of unofficial heraldic flag, which is intended to recall historical heraldic models. However, these are merely decorative in nature and are not a symbol of sovereign functions. The regions created in 1960 were even called into question in 2014, and a territorial reform was decided – centrally from Paris – which reduced the number of regions by almost half through mergers. The regions and their institutions were not even consulted on this matter.
Wikipedia Link to the regions of France:
click or tap here
FOTW Link to the regions of France:
click or tap here
Source: Flags of the World,
Wikipedia (D),
Volker Preuß
antiquity · settlement by Celtic tribes, the largest of them are the Petrocores (Petrocorii)
52 B.C. · Roman conquest, forming the province of Aquitania in the west of Gaul
418 A.D. · the Visigoths be settled as federates, Aquitaine belongs to their sphere of influence
5th century A.D. · conquest of Gaul by the Franks (under King Clovis) to 507 conquest of Aquitaine, expansion of the empire to the Atlantic Ocean, the Pyrenees and the Alps
771 · Charlemagne takes over Aquitaine and transmits it later as a kingdom to his youngest son Louis the Pious
778 · establish of the County of Périgord, the first mentioned Carolingian count is Wildbade
880 · by the division of the Frankish Empire (Treaties of Verdun and Ribbemont) arises the West Frankish Kingdom (later France), the East Frankish Kingdom (later German Empire), the Kingdom of Italy, the Kingdom of Upper Burgundy (under Rudolf the Welf) and the Kingdom of Lower Burgundy persists
950 · Aquitaine includes now the counties of Gascony, Armagnac, Fézensac, Périgord, Poitou, Angoulême and La Marche
1152 · Henry Plantagenet marries Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine, the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony come to the house of Anjou-Plantagenet
1154 · death of Stephen of Blois (King of England) , Henry is his successor as Henry II., Anjou becomes in this way a fief of the French king, which is a part of the crown of England (House of Anjou-Plantagenet)
1204 · Philip Augustus, King of France, conquers Normandy, Anjou, Maine and Touraine (Angevin Empire of the Plantagenets)
1224 · King Louis VIII. of France, son of Philip Augustus, conquers Aquitaine, except Gascony the last possession of the Plantagenets in France, Poitou and Saintonge come directly to the crown, La Marche, Périgord, Angoulême and Auvergne become fiefs
1328 · death of King Charles IV. (the Fair), extinction of the direct Capetian line, according to Salic Law Count Philip of Valois (Son of Prince Charles of Valois, first cousin of King Charles IV.) came on the French throne (as King Philip VI .), the English king Edward III. lays claim to the throne as a maternal nephew of Charles IV., reason for the "Hundred Years War" (Anglo-French War, 1338–1453), out of the House of Valois came all kings of France from 1328 to 1589
1360 · Treaty of Brétigny, Perigord comes to the English crown
1415 · Battle of Agincourt, Charles d'Orléans, Count of Périgord, is captured by the English and remains to 1440 in English custody
1438 · Charles d'Orléans sells the County of Périgord to Jean de Châtillon, Lord of Laigle, Count of Penthièvre and Viscount of Limoges
1453 · Battle of Castillon, the end of the Hundred Years War, the Kings of England have to cede all their possessions in France
1455 · death of Guillaume de Châtillon-Blois
1470 · Françoise, the eldest daughter of Guillaume de Châtillon-Blois, brings the county as a dowry in the marriage to Alain d'Albret
1526 · Marguerite d'Angouleme, widow of Charles IV of Alençon, marries Henri II. d'Albret, King of Navarre (House of Bourbon), her daughter, Jeanne d'Albret, later became the mother of the French king Henry IV.
1548 · Jeanne d'Albret marries Antoine de Bourbon
1555 · death of Henry II., the heritage, and in this way also the County of Périgord goes to his daughter, Jeanne d'Albret
1572 · death of Jeanne d'Albret, the heritage, and in this way also the County of Périgord goes to her son Henry III. of Navarre
1584 · Henry III. of Navarre sells his rights on the County of Périgord to his sister Catherine de Bourbon
1589 · death of Henry III., King of France, Henry III. had no descendants, extinction of the line of Valois, Henry III. determined Henry of Navarre (House of Bourbon) as his successor, which is as Henry IV., the Good, Henri le Bon, the new King of France
1607 · the County of Périgord becomes a part of the royal domain, and a province of France, but belonged later to the Provice of Aquitaine
1776 · the already in the 14th century created governorates of the civil administration of the kingdom of France become committed to a number of 39, and correspond in this way to the number of provinces, in previous years could any provinces be summarized in one governorate
1789 · French Revolution, the governorates and provinces become abolished, Aquitaine is divided into departments (approximately: Gironde, Dordogne, Lot, Aveyron, Landes, Lot-et-Garonne, Gers, Hautes-Pyrenees and Haute-Garonne)
1960 · reintroduction of regions in France, the Périgord doesn't play a role, affiliation with the newly created Aquitaine region (capital: Bordeaux), even not within the historic boundaries, just by integrating of the departments of Dordogne, Gironde, Landes, Lot-et-Garonne and Pyrénées-Atlantiques
2016 · the Aquitaine region merges with the Poitou-Charentes and Limousin regions in the new, larger region of New Aquitaine (Nouvelle-Aquitaine)
Source:
Wikipedia (FR),
Meyers Konversationslexikon
The name "Périgord" goes back to the Celtic tribe of the Petrocorii, who lived here in Roman times, and who gave its name to the capital Périgueux.
Source:
Meyers Konversationslexikon,
Volker Preuß
